CentOS下建立本地YUM源并自动更新

　　1. 尽管有很多的免费镜像提供yum源服务，但是还是有必要建立自己的yum服务器，主要出于以下几点考虑：,　　l 网络速度：访问互联网可能比较慢,　　l 节省带宽：如果有大量的服务器，架设自己的yum源可以有效节省互联网带宽,　　l 联网限制：对于有些内网服务器，不能连接到互联网,　　l 对于RHEL(Redhat Enterprise Linux)，需要购买服务,　　l 便于发布自己开发的rpm包,　　2. 找到适合你的站点的yum同步源,主要是CentOS标准软件仓库、epel、以及rpmforge,　　CentOS标准仓库选择列表,　　Asian：,　　http://www.centos.org/modules/tinycontent/index.php?id=32,　　North American,　　http://www.centos.org/modules/tinycontent/index.php?id=30,　　Epel源选择列表,　　http://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/publiclist/EPEL/,　　Rpmforge源,　　http://apt.sw.be/,　　要选尽量离你的local服务器近的地区,并支持RSYNC,方便更新同步,　　我选择的是Linux Kernel Archives,　　CentOS标准软件仓库,　　rsync://mirrors.kernel.org/centos,　　Epel源,　　rsync://mirrors.kernel.org/fedora-epel,　　Rpmforge源,　　rsync://ftp-stud.fht-esslingen.de/dag,　　rsync://mirror.cpsc.ucalgary.ca/dag,　　3. 编写同步脚本，根据需求进行自动同步,　　[root@cc-system-manager1 bin]# vi update_yum_source.sh,　　#!/bin/bash,　　#==========================================,　　# Program : update_yum_source.sh,　　# Info : 定期同步官方 yum 源到本机,　　# Version : 2013.03.05 First Release,　　#==========================================,　　Date=`date +%Y%m%d`,　　LogFile="/tmp/update_yum_source.log",　　CentOSTrunkVer="5",　　CentOSCurrentVer="5.9",　　RsyncBin="/usr/bin/rsync",　　RsyncPerm="-avrt --delete --exclude=debug/ --exclude=isos/",　　CentOS_Trunk_Ver_Path="/servers/yum_update/$CentOSTrunkVer",　　CentOS_Current_Ver_Path="/servers/yum_update/$CentOSCurrentVer",　　YumSiteList="rsync://mirrors.kernel.org/centos",　　echo "---- $Date `date +%T` Begin ----" >>$LogFile,　　# centos 5,　　$RsyncBin $RsyncPerm $YumSiteList/$CentOSTrunkVer/,　　$CentOS_Trunk_Ver_Path/ >> $LogFile,　　# centos 5.9,　　$RsyncBin $RsyncPerm $YumSiteList/$CentOSCurrentVer/,　　$CentOS_Current_Ver_Path/ >> $LogFile,　　echo "---- $Date `date +%T` End ----" >> $LogFile,　　[root@cc-system-manager1 bin]# vi update_epel_source.sh,　　#!/bin/bash,　　#==========================================,　　# Program : update_epel_source.sh,　　# Info : 定期同步官方 epel 源到本机,　　# Version : 2013.03.05 First Release,　　#==========================================,　　Date=`date +%Y%m%d`,　　LogFile="/tmp/update_epel_source.log",　　RsyncBin="/usr/bin/rsync",　　RsyncPerm="-avrt --delete --exclude=4/ --exclude=4AS/ --exclude=4ES/ --exclude=4WS/ --exclude=6/ --exclude=testing/",　　#============ epel ==============,　　epelSite="rsync://mirrors.kernel.org/fedora-epel",　　epelLocalPath="/servers/epel",　　echo "---- $Date `date +%T` Begin ----" >>$LogFile,　　# epel,　　$RsyncBin $RsyncPerm $epelSite $epelLocalPath >> $LogFile,　　echo "---- $Date `date +%T` End ----" >> $LogFile,　　[root@cc-system-manager1 bin]# vi update_rpmforge_socure.sh,　　#!/bin/bash,　　#==========================================,　　# Program : update_rpmforge_source.sh,　　# Info : 定期同步官方 rpmforge 源到本机,　　# Version : 2013.03.05 First Release,　　#==========================================,　　Date=`date +%Y%m%d`,　　LogFile="/tmp/update_rpmforge_source.log",　　RsyncBin="/usr/bin/rsync",　　RsyncPerm="-avrt --delete --exclude=i386/ --exclude=ppc/ --exclude=source/",　　# rpmforge,　　#rpmforgeSite="rsync://apt.sw.be/redhat/el5/en/",　　rpmforgeSite="rsync://ftp-stud.fht-esslingen.de/dag/redhat/el5/en/",　　rpmforgeLocalPath="/servers/rpmforge",　　echo "---- $Date `date +%T` Begin ----" >>$LogFile,　　# rpmforge,　　$RsyncBin $RsyncPerm $rpmforgeSite $rpmforgeLocalPath >> $LogFile,　　echo "---- $Date `date +%T` End ----" >> $LogFile,　　4. 在apache的配置文件里做好相应的软连接或者修改主目录指向,　　cd /var/www/html/,　　ln -s /servers/yum_update/ yum,　　ln -s /servers/epel epel,　　ln -s /servers/rpmforge rpmforge,　　5. 分别创建3个repo的配置文件，指向本地源所在的服务器，注意目录,　　[root@cc-monitor yum.repos.d]# vi CentOS-Base.repo,　　[base],　　name=CentOS-$releasever - Base,　　baseurl=http://172.25.6.8/yum/$releasever/os/$basearch/,　　gpgcheck=1,　　gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5,　　#released updates,　　[updates],　　name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates,　　baseurl=http://172.25.6.8/yum/$releasever/updates/$basearch/,　　gpgcheck=1,　　gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5,　　#packages used/produced in the build but not released,　　[addons],　　name=CentOS-$releasever - Addons,　　baseurl=http://172.25.6.8/yum/$releasever/addons/$basearch/,　　gpgcheck=1,　　gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5,　　#additional packages that may be useful,　　[extras],　　name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras,　　baseurl=http://172.25.6.8/yum/$releasever/extras/$basearch/,　　gpgcheck=1,　　gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5,　　#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages,　　[centosplus],　　name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus,　　baseurl=http://172.25.6.8/yum/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/,　　gpgcheck=1,　　enabled=0,　　gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5,　　#contrib - packages by Centos Users,　　[contrib],　　name=CentOS-$releasever - Contrib,　　baseurl=http://172.25.6.8/yum/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/,　　gpgcheck=1,　　enabled=0,　　gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5,　　[root@cc-monitor yum.repos.d]# vi epel.repo,　　[epel],　　name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 5 - $basearch,　　baseurl=http://172.25.6.8/epel/5/$basearch,　　failovermethod=priority,　　enabled=1,　　gpgcheck=1,　　gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL,　　[epel-debuginfo],　　name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 5 - $basearch - Debug,　　baseurl=http://172.25.6.8/epel/5/$basearch/debug,　　failovermethod=priority,　　enabled=0,　　gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL,　　gpgcheck=1,　　[epel-source],　　name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 5 - $basearch - Source,　　baseurl=http://172.25.6.8/epel/5/SRPMS,　　failovermethod=priority,　　enabled=0,　　gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL,　　gpgcheck=1,　　[root@cc-monitor yum.repos.d]# vi rpmforge.repo,　　[rpmforge],　　name = RHEL $releasever - RPMforge.net - dag,　　baseurl = http://172.25.6.8/rpmforge/$basearch/rpmforge,　　enabled = 1,　　protect = 0,　　gpgkey = file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-rpmforge,　　gpgcheck = 1,　　[rpmforge-extras],　　name = RHEL $releasever - RPMforge.net - extras,　　baseurl = http://172.25.6.8/rpmforge/$basearch/extras,　　enabled = 0,　　protect = 0,　　gpgkey = file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-rpmforge,　　gpgcheck = 1,　　[rpmforge-testing],　　name = RHEL $releasever - RPMforge.net - testing,　　baseurl = http://172.25.6.8/rpmforge/$basearch/testing,　　enabled = 0,　　protect = 0,　　gpgkey = file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-rpmforge,　　gpgcheck = 1,　　6. 检查gpg key是否完整,　　[root@cc-monitor ~]# ll /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/,　　total 24,　　-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1512 Apr 25 2010 RPM-GPG-KEY-beta,　　-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1504 Apr 25 2010 RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5,　　-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1698 Apr 15 2012 RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL,　　如果缺少gpg key可以用rpm导入,　　#在本地yum源服务器,　　wget http://apt.sw.be/RPM-GPG-KEY.dag.txt,　　mv RPM-GPG-KEY.dag.txt RPM-GPG-KEY-rpmforge,　　#在需要yum安装的客户端执行,　　rpm --import http://172.25.6.8/rpmforge/RPM-GPG-KEY-rpmforge,　　7. 测试三种Yum源是否可行,　　#情况缓存,　　[root@cc-monitor ~]# yum clean all,　　Loaded plugins: fastestmirror,　　Cleaning up Everything,　　#列出可用的仓库一共有22465的可用包,　　[root@cc-monitor ~]# yum repolist,　　repo id repo name status,　　addons enabled: 0 CentOS-5 - Addons,　　base enabled: 3,641 CentOS-5 - Base,　　epel enabled: 7,244 Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 5 - x86_64,　　extras enabled: 266 CentOS-5 - Extras,　　rpmforge enabled: 11,158 RHEL 5 - RPMforge.net - dag,　　updates enabled: 156 CentOS-5 - Updates,　　repolist: 22,465,　　测试CentOS标准软件仓库,　　[root@cc-monitor ~]# yum install nspr nspr-devel,　　Loaded plugins: fastestmirror,　　Determining fastest mirrors,　　Resolving Dependencies,　　--> Running transaction check,　　---> Package nspr.i386 0:4.9.2-2.el5_9 set to be updated,　　---> Package nspr.x86_64 0:4.9.2-2.el5_9 set to be updated,　　---> Package nspr-devel.i386 0:4.9.2-2.el5_9 set to be updated,　　---> Package nspr-devel.x86_64 0:4.9.2-2.el5_9 set to be updated,　　--> Finished Dependency Resolution,　　测试epel,　　[root@cc-monitor ~]# yum install nginx,　　Loaded plugins: fastestmirror,　　Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile,　　Setting up Install Process,　　Resolving Dependencies,　　--> Running transaction check,　　---> Package nginx.x86_64 0:0.8.55-2.el5 set to be updated,　　--> Processing Dependency: libxslt.so.1()(64bit) for package: nginx,　　--> Processing Dependency: libgd.so.2()(64bit) for package: nginx,　　--> Processing Dependency: libexslt.so.0()(64bit) for package: nginx,　　--> Processing Dependency: libGeoIP.so.1()(64bit) for package: nginx,　　--> Running transaction check,　　---> Package GeoIP.x86_64 0:1.4.8-1.el5 set to be updated,　　---> Package gd.x86_64 0:2.0.33-9.4.el5_4.2 set to be updated,　　--> Processing Dependency: pkgconfig for package: gd,　　--> Processing Dependency: libXpm.so.4()(64bit) for package: gd,　　---> Package libxslt.x86_64 0:1.1.17-4.el5_8.3 set to be updated,　　--> Running transaction check,　　---> Package libXpm.x86_64 0:3.5.5-3 set to be updated,　　---> Package pkgconfig.x86_64 1:0.21-2.el5 set to be updated,　　--> Finished Dependency Resolution,　　测试rpmforge,　　[root@cc-monitor ~]# yum install htop,　　Loaded plugins: fastestmirror,　　Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile,　　rpmforge,　　Setting up Install Process,　　Resolving Dependencies,　　--> Running transaction check,　　---> Package htop.x86_64 0:1.0.2-1.el5.rf set to be updated,　　--> Finished Dependency Resolution,